Spatial irregularities and unhomogenees in US innovation

The subject of the research is the spatially heterogeneous innovation activity carried out at the regional level in the United States. The analysis and assessment of this activity was carried out using indicators of rating of innovative development and integral indicators of the level of innovative potential and international innovative cooperation of regional innovation systems of specific states. The high correlation dependence and interconnection of the above indicators in combination with the indicators of the innovation economy of the US states made it possible to substantiate the spatial unevenness of the innovation activity of these systems and to assess the integration and, at the same time, the different-level differentiation of these systems, in the context of the heterogeneity of the innovation space of the United States, corresponding to the «centre-peripheral» principle. The final typological grouping of regional innovation systems of the US states, based on the log-normal distribution of the average values of indicators for the period 2015-2019, results in their qualitative diversity, reflecting the spatial unevenness and heterogeneity as economic phenomena that determine the innovative activity of the United States

Keywords: innovation activity in the United States, integral indicator of the level of innovation potential, international innovation cooperation, spatial unevenness, spatial heterogeneity.

References

  1. P. A. Minakir, A. N. Dem'yanenko. Prostranstvennaya ekonomika: evolyuciya podhodov i metodologiya//Prostranstvennaya ekonomika [Spatial Economics]. 2010. № 2. Р. 6-32. (In Russian.)
  2. A. I. Volynskij, M. S. Kruglova. Mezoekonomika: rossijskij i zarubezhnyj vzglyad//Geterodoksiya versus ekonomicheskij redukcionizm: mikro-, mezo-, makro- [Heterodoxia versus economic reductionism: micro-, meso-, macro-]: Sborn. trudov. M.: IE RAN, 2018. Р. 195-206. (In Russian.)
  3. V. N. Minat. Innovacionnaya deyatel'nost' i prostranstvennaya struktura obrabatyvayushchej promyshlennosti SSHA//Innovacii [Innovation]. 2020. № 10 (264). Р. 82-94.(In Russian.)
  4. L. F. Jeffrey, E. P. Michael, S. Scott. The determinants of national innovative capacity//Research Policy. 2002. Vol. 31. Iss. 6. Р. 899-933. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048733301001524. 
  5. V. N. Minat. Gosudarstvennaya regional'naya politika i razvitie regional'nyh innovacionnyh sistem v SSHA//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2020. Vol. 25. № 4 (100). Р. 173-188.(In Russian.)
  6. V. N. Minat. Osobennosti funkcionirovaniya regional'nyh innovacionnyh sistem v shtatah Severa SSHA//Vestnik NGUEU [Bulletin of NSUEU]. 2020. № 3. Р. 198-213.(In Russian.)
  7. V. N. Minat. Tipy territorial'nyh form nacional'noj innovacionnoj sistemy SSHA i ih koncentraciya v gorodskih aglomeraciyah//Innovacii [Innovation]. 2020. № 5 (259).Р. 68-80. (In Russian.)
  8. V. N. Minat. Urboorientirovannoe razvitie nacional'noj innovacionnoj sistemy v prostranstve metropolitenskih arealov SSHA//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2021. Vol. 26.№ 1 (101). Р. 187-206. (In Russian.)
  9. E. F. Nikitskaya. Prostranstvennaya neravnomernost' innovacionnogo razvitiya makroregionov i regionov Rossii//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2020. Vol. 25. № 4 (100). Р. 68-89.(In Russian.)
  10. P. A. Minakir. Ekonomika i prostranstvo (tezisy razmyshlenij)//Prostranstvennaya ekonomika [Spatial Economics]. 2005. № 1. Р. 4-26. (In Russian.)
  11. V. Vasilenko. Osnovnye harakteristiki ekonomicheskogo prostranstva (teoreticheskij diskurs)//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2017. № 4 (88). Р. 113-128. (In Russian.)
  12. O. S. Suharev. Effektivnost' naukoemkih firm i formirovanie innovacionnoj dinamiki//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2020. № 1. Р. 44-65. (In Russian.)
  13. E. M. Buhval'd. Edinoe innovacionnoe prostranstvo kak prioritet prostranstvennogo razvitiya rossijskoj ekonomiki//Vestnik instituta ekonomiki RAN [Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2019. № 4. Р. 9-25. (In Russian.)
  14. V. V. Glinskij, L. K. Serga, A. A. Kisel'nikov, T. G. Hramcova. O napravleniyah vozdejstviya territorial'noj differenciacii na ekonomicheskij rost//Vestnik NGUEU [Bulletin of NSUEU]. 2018. № 4. Р. 64-71. (In Russian.)
  15. O. S. Suharev. Struktura tekhnologicheskoj dinamiki i ekonomicheskij rost Rossii//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2020. Vol. 25. № 4 (100). Р. 5-25. (In Russian.)
  16. S. D. Valentej. Ekonomika innovacij i nacional'naya innovacionnaya sistema//Innovacionnyj chelovek i innovacionnoe obshchestvo [An innovative person and an innovative society]. Novosibirsk: FSPI «Trendy», 2012. Р. 121-133. (In Russian.)
  17. S. Valentej. Federalizm i innovacionnaya modernizaciya//Federalizm [Federalism]. 2013. № 1 (69). Р. 7-10. (In Russian.)
  18. V. N. Minat. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo shtatov i rajonov SSHA v innovacionnoj deyatel'nosti//Vestnik NGUEU [Bulletin of NSUEU]. 2021. № 1. Р. 221-234. (In Russian.)
  19. I. A. Monahov. Indikatory i pokazateli innovacionnoj aktivnosti stran i territorial'nyh obrazovanij: zarubezhnyj opyt//Vestnik TvGU. Ser.: «Ekonomika i upravlenie» [Vkestnik of Tver State University. Ser. «Economics and Management»]. 2013. № 3. Р. 35-49. (In Russian.)
  20. K. A. Zajkov. K voprosu ocenki urovnya innovacionnogo potenciala sub»ektov Rossijskoj Federacii//Vestnik NGUEU [Bulletin of NSUEU]. 2019. № 1. Р. 134-151.(In Russian.)
  21. Z. T. Abel. Innovation potential of individual states of the Midwest//Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2017. Vol. 31. № 1. P. 177-208.
  22. D. S. Bogge. Approaches to the analysis of innovation processes in the North-East of the United States//The American Economic Review. 2018. Vol. 108. № 9.P. 1214-1237.
  23. I. V. Kuz'min, E. S. Gubanova. Metodika ocenki mezhdunarodnogo sotrudnichestva regionov v innovacionnoj deyatel'nosti//Problemy razvitiya territorii [Problems of development of the territory]. 2016. Iss. 1 (81). Р. 189-201. (In Russian.)
  24. N. B. Thomlinson. Methods of assessment and forecasting of innovative development in the USA: regional analysis//American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics. Vol. 10. № 4. P. 170-192.
  25. N. H. Yeates, B. J. Garner. Management of innovative development of States and regions of the United States: a systematic approach//Administrative Science Quarterly. 2017. Vol. 62. № 3. P. 420-442.
  26. G. A. Kottman, R. Z. Harper. Distribution of scientific personnel across the United States: statistical analysis of social and economic indicators//The American Economic Review. 2019. Vol. 109. № 3. P. 442-468.
  27. D. Yu. Rudenko, N. I. Didenko. Mirovoj opyt ocenki urovnya nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya//Vestnik Tyumenskogo gos. un-ta. Social'no-ekonomicheskie i pravovye issledovaniya [Bulletin of the Tyumen State un-that. Socio-economic and legal research]. 2016. Vol. 2. № 4. Р. 129-147. (In Russian.)
  28. N. V. Zubarevich. Razvitie rossijskogo prostranstva: bar'ery i vozmozhnosti regional'noj politiki//Mir novoj ekonomiki [World of new economy]. 2017. № 2. Р. 46-57. (In Russian.)
  29. J. Friedmann. Regional development policy. Boston, Mass. Inst. Techn., 1966. 314 р.
  30. Innovation in American Regions. http://www.statsamerica.org/innovation/index.html. 
  31. State New Economy Index. Benchmarking Economic Transformation in the States. Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). http://www2.itif.org/statenew-economy-index. 
  32. List of U.S. states by American Human Development Index.  https://ru.qaz.wiki/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_American_Human_Development_Index. 
  33. Human Development Indices and Indicators. Statistical Update Briefing note for countries on the 2020. Statistical Update. United States. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/USA.pdf. 
  34. National Science Foundation. National Science Board. Science and Engineering Indictors. https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb2020. 
  35. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons. https://www.statistics/report/sections/research-and-development-u-s-trends-and-internationalcomparisons/recent-trends-in-u-s-r-d-performance. 
  36. World indicators of scientific research and engineering development: 2020. https://www.battelle.org/aboutus/rd/2020.pdf. 
  37. American science in numbers and commentary: Statistical indicators, national and regional studies, forecasts, Wash., 2020. https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary. 
  38. Statistical Abstract of the United States, Wash., U.S. Government Printing Office. https://books.google.ru/books?id=YkXjuVR9iN8C&hl=ru. 
  39. V. N. Minat. Migracii nauchnyh rabotnikov vysshej kvalifikacii v SSHA//Nauka o cheloveke: gumanitarnye issledovaniya [Human Science. Humanitarian Studies]. 2020.T. 14. № 3. Р. 182-188. (In Russian.)
  40. V. N. Minat, A. G. Chepik. Immigraciya uchenyh i inzhenerov v SSHA za poslednie 20 let: osnovnye tendencii polyarizacii migracionnogo potoka//Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Chelyabinsk State University]. 2020. № 2 (436). Ekonomicheskie nauki [Economic Sciences]. Iss. 68. Р. 162-173. (In Russian.)
  41. V. N. Minat, A. G. Chepik. Sovremennye osobennosti raspredeleniya, ispol'zovaniya i razmeshcheniya nauchnogo personala v SSHA//Vestnik NGUEU [Bulletin of NSUEU]. 2020. № 2. Р. 198-212. (In Russian.)
  42. N. A. Sudakova. Byudzhetnaya politika SSHA v sfere NIOKR: tendencii i prognozy//SSHA Kanada: ekonomika – politika – kul'tura [USA Canada: economy – politics – culture]. 2019. № 49 (10). Р. 54-77. (In Russian.)
  43. V. N. Minat. Federal'noe finansirovanie nauchnyh issledovanij i razrabotok v SSHA: ob'em, struktura, perspektivnye napravleniya//Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Ser.: «Ekonomika. Upravlenie. Pravo» [Bulletin of the Saratov University. New episode. Ser.: «Economics. Control. Right»]. 2020. Vol. 20. Iss. 3. Р. 256-265. (In Russian.)
  44. V. N. Minat. Evolyuciya finansirovaniya promyshlennyh NIOKR v SSHA: dinamicheskie i strukturnye osobennosti//Vestnik Volgogradskogo gos. universiteta. Ekonomika [Bulletin of the Volgograd State University. Economy]. 2021. Vol. 23. № 1. Р. 177-189. (In Russian.)
  45. V. N. Minat. Dinamika struktury vneshnej torgovli SSHA vysokotekhnologichnoj produkciej obrabatyvayushchej promyshlennosti//Mezhdunarodnaya torgovlya i torgovaya politika [International Trade and Trade Policy]. 2020. Vol. 6. № 4 (24). Р. 44-62. (In Russian.)
  46. V. N. Minat, A. G. Chepik. Vneshnetorgovye otnosheniya i innovacionnaya deyatel'nost' SSHA//Mezhdunarodnaya torgovlya i torgovaya politika [International Trade and Trade Policy]. 2020. Vol. 6. № 2 (22). Р. 5-21. (In Russian.)

 

Authors