World technology agenda and global industrial trends in the digital economy

This article examines global trends in industry development, the most important of which is the transition to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The authors focus on global challenges faced by high-tech companies, including the increase in complexity of final products and processes, reduction in time-to-market, customization,rapid technology development, obsolescence of engineering and technological competencies, etc. The development and application of the whole complex of advanced manufacturing technologies can be a possible answer to these challenges. To achieve a long-term competitive market advantage, it is necessary to create the systems of complex technological solutions that ensure the creation of «best in class» products in the shortest time possible. These technological solutions can be called Digital, Smart, Virtual Factories of the Future. The authors stress that Digital Factories enable Russia to be competitive as the world’s «Digital Design Bureau» and capitalize on global competition’s center of gravity shifting toward the design stage, which is a deep structural change in the high-technology industry

Keywords: digital economy, advanced manufacturing technologies, smart digital twin, factories of the future, competitiveness

References

  1. Borovkov A. I., Ryabov Yu. A., Maruseva V. M. [A new paradigm of digital design and simulation of a new generation of globally competitive products] // Digital production. Methods, ecosystems, technologies. Moscow, Corporate Training Department of the Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO, 2018, pp. 5, 24–43 (in Russian). Available at: http://assets.fea.ru/uploads/fea/news/2018/04_april/12/cifrovoe-proizvodstvo-032018.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018]
  2. Industrie 4.0. Smart Manufacturing for the future. Available at: http://www.its-owl.de/fileadmin/PDF/News/2014-01-14-Industrie_4.0-Smart_Manufacturing_for_the_Future_German_Trade_Invest.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  3. Nikitin A. It will flame up from the digital. When will the new industrial revolution come to Russia // Kommersant Dengi [Russian Newspaper], 2016, no. 7. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2912212. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  4. Schwab K. The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What it means, how to respond. Available at: http://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  5. The Future of Jobs: Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  6. Boucher M. Growing Product Complexity in SMBs; A Guide to BOM Management. Available at: http://support.ptc.com/WCMS/files/142180/en/Growing_Product_Complexity_in_SMBs.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  7. Mastering product complexity. Available at: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/33174119/mastering-product-complexity-pdf-3316-kb-roland-berger. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  8. Abdulbarieva E. R., Boldyrev Yu. Ya., Borovkov A. I., Zhigalov V. I. et al. Vysokotehnologichnyj komp'juternyj inzhiniring: obzor rynkov i tehnologij [High-tech computer engineering: a review of markets and technologies]. St.Petersburg, Izd-vo Politechn. un-ta, 2014. Available at: http://assets.fea.ru/uploads/files/2014_0101_SPbPU_high_tech_computer_aided_engineering_technologies_and_markets_overview.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  9. Pisano G. P., Wheelwright S. C. The New Logic of High-Tech R&D. Available at: https://hbr.org/1995/09/the-new-logic-of-high-tech-rd. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  10. Schieter S., Scheel O., Klink G. How much does complexity really cost. Available at: https://www.atkearney.com/documents/10192/178350/complexity_secure.pdf/cd044988-91e9-4331-8afe-d72265c745e3. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  11. Accenture Innovation and Product Development Services. Available at: https://www.accenture.com/gr-en/~/media/Accenture/Conversion-Assets/DotCom/Documents/Global/PDF/Strategy_1/Accenture-Innovation-Product-Development-Services.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  12. Traktovenko V. D. Become the world’s design department. Alexey Borovkov: “In the context of the fourth industrial revolution it is the high-tech companies that will shape St. Petersburg's industry”. // «Expert «North-West» [Russian magazine], 2017, no. 35-38 (754). (In Russ.) Available at: http://expert.ru/northwest/2017/35/stat-mirovyim-kb. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  13. Vasily Osmakov: the digital revolution, in contrast to past revolutions, passes is unfolding consciously. // TASS [Russian media]. [In Russ.] 14.07.2017. Available at: http://tass.ru/opinions/interviews/4415227. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  14. Unknown Russia: powered by entrepreneurs. Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Unkown_Russia_2015.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  15. Bedareva O. A personnel catastrophe in Russia: six views of one problem. [in Russ.] Available at: http://www.e-xecutive.ru/career/hr-management/1952888-v-rossii-kadrovaya-katastrofa-shest-rakursov-odnoi-problemy. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  16. Growing but slowing. Russian edition of the 17th Annual Global CEO Survey 2014. Available at: https://www.pwc.ru/en/ceo-survey/assets/17th-ceo-survey-russia-eng.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  17. Dobbs R., Madgavkar A., Barton D. et al. The world at work: jobs, pay and skills for 3,5 billion people. Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/employment-and-growth/the-world-at-work. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  18. Barton D., Farrell D., Mourshed M. Education to employment: Designing System that works. Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/social-sector/our-insights/education-to-employment-designing-a-system-that-works. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  19. Butenko V., Polunin K., Kotov I. et al. Russia 2025: from personnel to talents. [In Russ.] Available at: http://d-russia.ru/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Skills_Outline_web_tcm26-175469.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  20. Borovkov A. I., Ryabov Yu. A., Kukushkin K. V., Maruseva V. M., Kulemin V. Yu. Digital twins and digital transformation of defense companies. // Oboronnaja tehnika [Defense equipment]. 2018. № 1. pp. 6–33 (in Russian). Available at: http://assets.fea.ru/uploads/fea/news/2018/05_may/17/oboronnaya-technika.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  21. Rapoza K. China Wage Levels Equal To Or Surpass Parts Of Europe. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2017/08/16/china-wage-levels-equal-to-or-surpass-parts-of-europe/#31a7b0f13e7f. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  22. China Average Yearly Wages in Manufacturing – Forecast. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/china/wages-in-manufacturing/forecast. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  23. India Wages High Skilled. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/india/wages-high-skilled. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  24. What will happen to China's economy if manufacturing companies move from China to India? Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-will-happen-to-Chinas-economy-if-manufacturing-companies-move-from-China-to-India.  [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  25. R&D centres in India account for 33% of global services market, says Zinnov study. Available at: http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/rd-centres-in-india-account-for-33-of-global-services-market-says-zinnov-study/article6446526.ece. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  26. Borovkov A. I., Ryabov Yu. A. [Prospective venues for the development of advanced manufacturing technologies in Russia], XVII Aprel'skaja mezhdunarodnaja nauchnaja konferencija po problemam razvitija jekonomiki i obshhestva  [XVII April International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development], Moscow, HSE, 2017. pp. 381–389. (In Russian). Available at: http://assets.fea.ru/uploads/fea/news/2017/04_april/19/XVII_AMNK_kniga-3.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  27. Borovkov A. I., Ryabov Yu. A. On the "Technet" (advanced manufacturing technologies) road map of the National Technology Initiative. // Tramplin k uspehu [Springboard to success], 2017, no 10. pp. 8-11. (In Russian). Available at: http://assets.fea.ru/uploads/fea/news/2017/04_april/13/Korporativnyy_jurnal_Tramplin_k_uspehu_10_2017_O_Technet_Nti.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  28. Vesey J. T., The New Competitors: They think in terms of ‘speed-to-market’. // The Executive, 1991. Vol. 5. N. 2. P. 23-33.
  29. Accenture Innovation and Product Development Services. Available at: https://www.accenture.com/gr-en/~/media/Accenture/Conversion-Assets/DotCom/Documents/Global/PDF/Strategy_1/Accenture-Innovation-Product-Development-Services.pdf. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  30. Borovkov A. I., Maruseva V. M., Ryabov Yu. A., Shcherbina L. A. Bionicheskij dizajn [Bionic design]. St. Petersburg, Izd-vo Politechn. un-ta, 2015.
  31. Estefan S. The democratization of technology. Available at: http://www.isaca.org/Knowledge-Center/Blog/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=330. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  32. Dezhina I. G., Ponomarev A. K., Frolov A.S. et al. Publichnyj analiticheskij doklad po napravleniju "Novye proizvodstvennye tehnologii" [Public analytical report: “Advanced manufacturing technologies”]. Moscow, Skoltech, 2015. Available at: https://www.extech.ru/files/reports/new%20technologies2015.pdf [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  33. National Technology initiative (NTI). Available at: http://fea.ru/compound/national-technology-initiative. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  34. CDIO The CDIO™ INITIATIVE is an innovative educational framework for producing the next generation of engineers. Available at: http://www.cdio.org/. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  35. CDIO (Conceive-Design-Implement-Operate). Available at: http://web.mit.edu/edtech/casestudies/cdio.html. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  36. History of CDIO. Available at: http://cdiorussia.ru/history. (In Russ.) [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  37. CDIO Members. Available at: http://www.cdio.org/cdio-members. [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].
  38. Tarnoff J. STEM to STEAM — Recognizing the Value of Creative Skills in the Competitiveness Debate. //Huffington Post. 2011. Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-tarnoff/stem-to-steam-recognizing_b_756519.html [Accessed 12 Nov. 2018].

Authors